Contract law: transactions and contracts, specific aspects

Programme

Contract law: transactions and contracts, particular aspects

• The concept of a transaction. Void and voidable transactions. Invalid transactions
• The principle of freedom of contract and its limits. Innominate types of contracts. Mandatory and default rules
• Conditional transactions (fixing a condition precedent or subsequent, linking the terms of the transaction to changes in circumstances, offer and acceptance, etc.)
• Practical recommendations on drawing up contracts and organising a system for recording and analysing them in future. Typical mistakes and problems in drawing up contracts (contract details, preamble, dating problems, the seal, etc.)
• Mechanisms for recording the process and result of concluding a contract (signature, facsimile, digital signature, etc.). Mechanisms for verifying authenticity, possible abuses, etc.
• Technological aspects of countering unlawful actions by unscrupulous counterparties and protecting the contract from falsification (necessary clauses, specifics of laying out the contract text, initialling, binding, etc.)
• Essential terms of the contract. Particular cases: interpretation and practice of application
• Establishing business relations and verifying the authority of persons in the process of concluding a contract
• Specifics of and need for drawing up powers of attorney. Revocation and cancellation of powers of attorney. The relationship between an order and a power of attorney
• Exceeding authority and the consequences
• Legal status of the head of a structural unit and the possibility of concluding contracts
• Evasion of concluding a contract. Issues of proving that a contract was concluded
• Concluding contracts by exchanging documents and electronic messages. Specifics
• The essence of protocols of disagreement and their role in concluding a contract. Problem points (determining the moment of conclusion of the contract, cases of performance of obligations before the final agreement of the contract terms, etc.)
• The framework contract. The supplementary agreement
• Issues of documenting the performance of obligations under the contract (waybills, acceptance certificates, certificates of completion, etc.). Performance to an unauthorised person
• Time for performance of obligations in the contract (start, end, interruptions)
• Place and moment of performance of obligations in the contract
• Currency clauses and other ways of hedging risks
• Current issues and problems in using means of securing obligations (standard and non-standard types, combinations, innominate)
• Termination of obligations under the contract (conditions, cases, procedure, force majeure and impossibility of performance, etc.). Consequences
• Repudiation of the contract. Consequences in particular cases

Analysis of law enforcement practice, practical sessions